What happens when the safety nets unravel? When programs like SNAP—the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance
Program—hang by political threads, and millions of people feel the gravity of hunger not as metaphor but as
daily reality?
In Woundwise, I wrote that “collapse is never evenly distributed.” Some feel it long before it
becomes visible to the rest. Hunger is one of the first and oldest signals of systemic breakdown—both
biological and societal. Yet within that hunger lies a strange potential: the reemergence of the gift.
Mutual Aid as Metabolism
When formal systems fail, informal ones awaken. Mutual aid is not charity—it’s metabolism. It is how
communities remember they are organisms, not isolated parts. The phrase comes from Peter Kropotkin, who
argued that cooperation, not competition, is nature’s deepest law. “Mutual aid,” he wrote, “is as much a law
of animal life as mutual struggle.”
When neighbors share food, tools, childcare, and care itself, they are not performing acts of moral
heroism. They are restoring circulation to a body that had been artificially divided by markets and
policies. The system fails; the organism remembers.
The Collapse of Entitlement
There is no neutral hunger. For some, hunger is imposed; for others, it’s revelation. The end of
entitlement—the idea that abundance is deserved by a few—may be one of the most generative breakdowns we can
experience. When SNAP benefits vanish, what also vanishes is the illusion that care must flow through
bureaucracy or hierarchy.
“To hunger together,” writes adrienne maree brown, “is to recognize our shared dependence.”
Hunger can become humiliation or communion depending on how we respond to it. If we respond with shame and
scarcity thinking, we deepen isolation. If we respond with gifts, we build kinship that no policy can
legislate.
The Gift as Refusal
In an economy obsessed with transaction, the gift is revolutionary. It refuses equivalence. It says, “You
are not a customer. You are kin.” Anthropologist Marcel Mauss described the gift as a cycle of giving,
receiving, and reciprocating that creates social bonds rather than capital accumulation. But in late
capitalism, this cycle has been severed. The gift economy survives only in the margins—food pantries, free
fridges, community gardens, the quiet exchange of medicine and time.
Each gift is a small strike against the logic of extraction. Each unpriced act of care reclaims territory
from the market and returns it to the commons. In this way, refusal and generosity become the same gesture.
Scarcity as Teacher
Scarcity teaches what abundance hides: our dependence on one another. “The wound is wise,” I wrote once,
“because it forces the body to reimagine itself.” Hunger does the same for society. It breaks the illusion
of self-sufficiency and reminds us that survival has always been collective.
Mutual aid networks are not stopgaps for government failure—they are prototypes for post-capitalist living.
They teach us how to distribute power horizontally, how to practice care without permission, how to eat
together even when the store shelves are bare.
Hunger as Signal, Not Shame
In the mythology of the American dream, hunger is framed as personal failure. But hunger is never
individual; it’s systemic. It signals where the collective body is starving itself to feed an abstraction
called “the economy.”
To respond to that signal with mutual aid is to say: our bodies matter more than markets. Our needs are not
negotiable. Our survival is not a line item.
The Gift That Remakes the World
We may soon enter a time when benefits collapse, prices surge, and precarity becomes permanent. But this is
also a time when new solidarities can form—when food co-ops, neighborhood networks, and informal care webs
can become as vital as any institution.
“We are what we give away,” wrote Ursula K. Le Guin. In the burning world, that may be the only wealth
worth keeping.
Working Glossary
Mutual Aid: Voluntary, reciprocal exchange of resources and care—neighbors helping
neighbors outside of state or market systems. Not charity, but collective survival and solidarity.
The Gift: A form of exchange based on relationship rather than transaction. To give without
demand for return, creating webs of reciprocity that sustain communities.
Refusal: A deliberate “no” to systems of extraction or domination, paired with the creative
act of building alternatives. Refusal is not withdrawal—it’s construction through negation.
Scarcity: Often used as a tool of control. In this context, scarcity is reimagined as a
teacher that reveals interdependence and the need for shared resilience.
Entitlement: The illusion that abundance or comfort is an individual right, detached from
collective wellbeing. Its collapse can open pathways to mutual responsibility.
Commons: Shared resources—material, cultural, and relational—maintained collectively and
governed by care rather than ownership. The opposite of privatization.
Care Networks: Informal constellations of people who sustain one another through food
sharing, emotional support, and collective protection. The grassroots infrastructure of survival.
Further Entanglement
- Peter Kropotkin, Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution
- Marcel Mauss, The Gift
- adrienne maree brown, Emergent Strategy
- Dean Spade, Mutual Aid: Building Solidarity During This Crisis (and the Next)
- Ursula K. Le Guin, The Dispossessed and The Carrier Bag Theory of Fiction
- Silvia Federici, Re-enchanting the World: Feminism and the Politics of the Commons
- Robin Wall Kimmerer, Braiding Sweetgrass